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A revolutionary diabetes treatment that delivers insulin into the body through a cream rather than needles has been developed by a team of scientists from Zhejiang University in China. The new transdermal treatment could one day mean the end of the invasive insulin injections that millions of people with diabetes depend on.
Using mice, young pigs and lab-grown human skin samples, scientists demonstrated a local insulin treatment, a feat long considered impossible due to the size of insulin molecules and their high affinity for water, which prevents them from passing through the outer fatty layers of the skin.
"The skin-penetrating polymer enables non-invasive transdermal delivery of insulin, freeing diabetic patients from subcutaneous injections and opening the possibility that other protein- and peptide-based therapies could be used through the skin in the future," reports the research team led by scientists from Zhejiang University in China. The results are published in the journal Nature.
Applying drugs through the skin has many advantages: it is easy to use at home, painless, and allows for a controlled and gentle release of substances into the body. However, the skin is a natural barrier that protects us from harmful substances. Its outer layer, the stratum corneum, consists of several layers of dead cells bonded with fats and lipids. Topical drugs usually work by bypassing these mechanisms: they have small molecules that pass easily and interact with lipids.
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