FLASH
Shkruar nga Pamfleti
Israel shocked Iran last week when it launched a military and intelligence operation, prepared for years, that resulted in precision strikes against high-level targets.
Guided by spies and artificial intelligence, the Israeli military has opened fire in the darkness of the night through smuggled fighter jets and drones, crippling some of Iran's missile and air defense systems.
With greater freedom to fly over Iran, Israel has subsequently bombed nuclear facilities and killed senior Iranian military generals and scientists, A2 reports.
By the time Iran mobilized to retaliate hours later, its capacity – already weakened by previous Israeli attacks – had been further eroded.
The situation was described this way after discussions with 10 current and former Israeli intelligence and military officials, some of whom spoke to the Associated Press on condition of anonymity so they could provide more information about the operations.
Some of their claims have not been verified. However, former head of research at the Israeli spy agency, Mossad, Sima Shine has confirmed the outline of the attack, saying she had inside information about how it was planned and executed.
"The attack is the culmination of many years of work by the Mossad to target Iran's nuclear program," said Sima Shine, a former Mossad research director and now an analyst at the Institute for National Security Studies.
The dose of surprise has been increased by Iranian officials' conviction that Israel would not carry out any attack, while Iran has been engaged in talks with the United States regarding its advanced nuclear program.
Although a sixth round of meetings between the two countries was scheduled for Sunday in Oman, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu activated Operation "Rising Lion" on Friday.
US President Donald Trump was informed of the attack.
Netanyahu has said for years that neutralizing Iran's nuclear program is vital to Israel's security, which is why Israel has taken action to weaken Iran's capabilities to enrich uranium to military grade.
However, Netanyahu has said that a more aggressive strike was necessary as Iran has continued to enrich its program, despite US diplomatic efforts and warnings from United Nations observers.
Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, has repeatedly called for the destruction of Israel. Iranian political leaders have said their nuclear program is for defensive purposes, even though it is the only non-nuclear state to enrich uranium to near-military-grade levels.
Drone smuggling in Iran
Mossad and the Israeli military worked together for at least three years to lay the groundwork for the operation, according to a former intelligence official who said he had knowledge of the attack.
The attack was also planned based on information Israel gathered during a wave of airstrikes in October last year, during which "the weakness of Iranian defense systems was highlighted," said Naysan Rafati, an Iran analyst at the International Crisis Group.
To further destroy Iranian air defenses and missile systems in the run-up to last week's attack, Mossad agents smuggled high-precision weapons into Iran that struck targets at close range, according to two security officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity.
Among these weapons were small drones, which agents smuggled into the country in cars, according to a former intelligence official.
Mossad agents have stationed weapons very close to Iranian surface-to-air missile launch centers, Shine said.
According to her, the agency works with a multitude of people, both local and Israeli.
Using human and artificial intelligence to select targets
To analyze information gathered from various sources, Israel has used artificial intelligence, said an intelligence official involved in selecting the individuals and centers that were targeted.
He said artificial intelligence was used to help the Israelis sift through the treasure trove of data they possessed.
The work began in October last year, according to an official who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the media; that is, a month before Netanyahu said he had ordered the attack plans.
An Associated Press investigation earlier this year revealed that the Israeli military uses American models of artificial intelligence in warfare to intercept communications and learn enemy movements.
These models have been used in the wars with Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon.
Both Hamas and Hezbollah are designated terrorist organizations by the United States and other powers.
The intelligence official involved in identifying potential targets said that initially the options were high-ranking figures in the leadership, the military, then civilians and infrastructure.
Shënjestrat janë përzgjedhur nëse është vërtetuar se përbëjnë kërcënim për Izraelin – shembull nëse janë të përfshirë thellë në Gardën Revolucionare Islamike – forcë paramilitare që kontrollon raketat balistike të Iranit.
Ky zyrtar ka thënë se e ka pasur detyrë që të krijojë një listë me gjeneralë iranianë, përfshirë hollësitë për ta, sikurse ku punojnë dhe si e kalojnë kohën e lirë.
Në mesin e zyrtarëve të lartë ushtarakë të vrarë prej të premtes është edhe gjenerali Hossein Salami, udhëheqës i Gardës Revolucionare të Iranit dhe gjenerali Mohammed Bagheri, shef i stafit të forcave të armatosura të Iranit.
Përveç inteligjencës artificiale, Mossadi është mbështetur edhe në spiunë për t’i identifikuar shkencëtarët kryesorë bërthamorë dhe pjesëtarët e Gardës Revolucionare të Iranit, sipas një zyrtari të sigurisë. Të paktën tetë anëtarë të Gardës, përfshirë kreun e programit bërthamor janë vrarë në një sulm izraelit në një bunker nëntokësor.
Shënjestrimi i pajisjeve iraniane
Një tjetër aspekt i sulmit ka qenë goditja e pajisjeve iraniane që përdoren për të transportuar dhe nisur raketat.
Shine ka thënë se strategjia ka qenë e ngjashme me operacionet ukrainase më herët gjatë këtij muaji në Rusi. Në atë operacion, pothuajse një e treta e bombarduesve strategjikë të Moskës janë shkatërruar apo dëmtuar me dronë të prodhuar me pak para, të cilët kanë depërtuar në territorin rus, sipas zyrtarëve ukrainas.
Në një intervistë për televizionin shtetëror iranian, shefi i policisë shtetërore, gjenerali Ahmadreza Radan, ka thënë se “janë zbuluar shumë pajisje që bartnin dronë të vegjël dhe disa dronë taktikë”.
Sipas tij, “një numër tradhtarësh janë duke tentuar të prekin sistemin ajror për mbrojtje duke fluturuar mini-dronë”.
Sa larg shkon e gjithë kjo?
Mossadi besohet të ketë kryer një mori sulmesh në fshehtësi në programin bërthamor iranian në vjetët e fundit, përfshirë sulmet kibernetike dhe vrasjet e shkencëtarëve bërthamorë iranianë.
Megjithatë, rrallë e ka pranuar se ka qenë mbrapa atyre operacioneve.
Në fillim të vitit 2000 e më pas, centrifugat iraniane të përdorura për pasurim të uraniumit janë shkatërruar nga i ashtuquajturi Stuxnet – virus kompjuterik – që besohet të jetë krijuar nga izraelitët dhe amerikanët.
Më 2018, Izraeli pati vjedhur arkivin e kërkimeve bërthamore të Iranit, që përfshinte dhjetëra mijëra dokumente, ka thënë Yossi Kuperwasser, gjeneral i pensionuar dhe ish-hulumtues i inteligjencës ushtarake që tani drejton Institutin e Jerusalemit për Strategji dhe Siguri.
Në korrik të vitit 2024, Izraeli e ka vrarë një lider të lartë të Hamasit, Ismail Haniyehun, me një bombë në dhomën e gjumit për mysafirë në shtëpinë e një zyrtari në Teheran.
Sulmi i Izraelit javën e kaluar në zemër të programit bërthamor të Iranit dhe strukturave ushtarake nuk ka ardhur pa plan, ka thënë gjenerali i pensionuar izraelit, Amir Avivi, i cili udhëheq institutin Forumi i Izraelit për Mbrojtje dhe Siguri.
He said that this operation was the result of "Israeli intelligence and the work that has been done over the years in Iran, and the creation of a large presence."/ REL
Lini një Përgjigje