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Two key documents released in Washington in recent days present two different foreign policy paths, giving the United States' allies and foes plenty to think about as they consider major strategic issues.
The White House's 33-page National Security Strategy (NSS), released last week, drew attention with its "America First" approach, according to which, "the days when the United States held the entire world order are over."
Through this strategy, the European Union was criticized and there was talk of restoring "strategic stability" with Russia, which was praised by Moscow.
Meanwhile, the 3,086-page defense bill, called the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), aims to provide funding for Washington's military commitments in Europe and focus intelligence on Russia's military cooperation with China and North Korea.
"There are different visions," Olivia Enos, a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute, told Radio Free Europe, adding that the US Congress is opposing the NSS strategy.
"But, I think it's a long way to go to understand whether, you know, the budget will be fully funded," she said.
Trump's priorities: America and China
The section on regional priorities in the NSS begins with the Western Hemisphere, before moving on to Asia, Europe, and the Middle East.
“Trump’s National Security Strategy is a much-needed corrective to decades of ‘strategies’ that… committed the US to an overextended concept of national strategy,” wrote Alexander Gray, who served on the National Security Council during Trump’s first administration.
In a comment to the Atlantic Council, he said the focus on the Western Hemisphere was “sincere to the core objectives of the United States: homeland security.”
Other observers have also suggested that the ranking on the list reflects the White House's priorities.
"The decision to give a large weight to foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere is obviously related to one of their top domestic priorities, which is combating immigration," Enos said.
Enos said the NSS's approach to China is also driven by domestic political concerns. "It's all about reindustrialization. It's all about economic security," she said, noting the lack of commentary, for example, on human rights abuses.
The NSS is uncompromising on this issue, stating that "we aim for good relations and peaceful trade relations with the countries of the world, without imposing democratic or other social changes on them."
While the NSS aims to "rebalance" economic relations with China, the document also makes no mention of Beijing's alliance with Moscow.
Unlike the NSS, the NDAA requires US intelligence agencies to provide “an assessment of military cooperation between Russia and the People’s Republic of China, including defense trade, joint military exercises, and military intelligence sharing.”
Both the NSS and the NDAA provide strong support for Taiwan.
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