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Sheikh Hasina's death sentence is not the only one in modern history...
Leaders who once held the fate of their people in their hands found themselves overthrown and sentenced to death.
In light of the recent death sentence of perhaps the only female head of state, Sheikh Hasina, the former prime minister of Bangladesh, here are 9 other cases of heads of state who were sentenced to death.
Although in some cases the sentences were commuted or overturned, there were many who suffered their fate.
1. Cell Bayar - President and Prime Minister of Turkey
Following the 1960 military coup in Turkey, Sel Bayar was sentenced to death. His charges were for alleged violations of the Constitution. His sentence was later commuted and he was released in 1964 due to age and health. Bayar remains one of Turkey's most controversial political figures.
2. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto- President and Prime Minister of Pakistan
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was ousted from power in a military coup led by General Zia-ul-Haq. He was convicted in a controversial trial involving a political assassination case. Bhutto was hanged on 4 April 1979. His execution remains a major political divisive point in Pakistan.
3. Adnan Menderes - Prime Minister of Turkey in the 1950s-1960s
Menderes was ousted from power in the 1960 coup d'état on charges of violating the constitution and abusing political power. He was executed on September 17, 1961. This event marked one of the darkest chapters in Turkey's political history.
4. Benito Mussolini - Italian dictator (1922–1943)
At the end of World War II, Italy turned against Mussolini. He was captured by Italian partisans and executed by firing squad on April 28, 1945. His death symbolized the fall of fascism in Italy.
5. Imre Nagy - Hungarian Prime Minister
Hungarian leader who led the country during the 1956 uprising against Soviet control. He was arrested after the uprising was defeated, tried in secret, and executed on June 16, 1958. Hungary later rehabilitated him as a national hero.
6. Saddam Hussein - Leader of Iraq (1979–2003)
When US forces captured Saddam Hussein in 2003, he was tried by an Iraqi court for crimes against humanity. He was found guilty and hanged on December 30, 2006. His execution marked the end of an era.
7. Hideki Tojo - Japanese Prime Minister (1941–1944)
Tojo led Japan through most of World War II. After Japan's defeat, he was indicted for war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and executed by hanging on December 23, 1948.
8. Pervez Musharraf - President of Pakistan (2001–2008)
Musharraf was sentenced to death in absentia in a treason case in 2019. However, the verdict was later overturned by a higher court. Musharraf died in 2023.
9. Nicolae Ceausescu - President of Romania
Nicolae Ceausescu, President of the Socialist Republic of Romania from 1974 and for 24 years, and his wife Elena, were executed after trial on December 25, 1989. He was found guilty of the genocide of 60,000 people. / Pamphlet
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