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The ecological consequences of the conflict in Iran have not yet been fully determined, but are considered devastating for the environment, as attacks on oil infrastructure release highly toxic substances.
Dozens of oil facilities have been hit in US and Israeli airstrikes on Iran. Iran has also targeted oil extraction and processing facilities in several Gulf states. The UN has warned that the ongoing war in Iran is also having serious consequences for the environment and climate, as attacks on oil infrastructure release highly toxic substances.
Although the damage caused by the fighting cannot yet be determined with concrete figures, according to an analysis by the British think tank Conflict and Environment Observatory, the conflict poses a "significant risk of acute and long-term damage." Because it is considered certain that attacks on oil and gas installations, as well as refineries, are significantly burdening the region.
Damage to ecosystems
Fossil fuels, heavy metals, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances that are highly resistant to water and heat have seeped into the soil, while fires have released pollutants such as dioxins and furans.
The environment is also polluted by gases caused by the use of weapons or fires at oil terminals. There have also been large emissions of greenhouse gases, damage to the drinking water supply system and a worsening of the water crisis in Iran.
Experts say oil tanker fires in the region pose an increasing risk to fish and marine life. However, much data is still missing, so a full assessment of the potential risks to ecosystems, soil, water, air and food is not yet possible.
Indirect consequences are also considered to be the increased use of coal instead of gas in countries that import gas, as well as in the future from high CO₂ emissions for the reconstruction of infrastructure destroyed by the war./DW
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